May 13, 2008

In Burma, Politics Could Get In The Way Of Saving Lives

Posted by Suemedha Sood at 12:39PM

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Relief organizations and the U.N. are becoming more and more frustrated with the Burma junta’s unwillingness to accept foreign aid for cyclone victims. Cyclone Nargis has killed nearly 30,000 people in Burma, according to Myanmar TV, although some are putting the death toll as high as 100,000. Around 1.5 million people have been displaced from their homes.

The Burmese military government began accepting some aid from the U.N. last week, but aid workers have struggled to gain access. The process has been slow, relief workers have experienced trouble getting visas and delivery of aid by the junta has been characterized by an “unacceptably slow response to this grave humanitarian crisis,” according to U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon.

The U.N. has tried to increase pressure on Burma this week to avoid making the crisis exponentially worse. Many cyclone victims currently require medical attention that they’re unable to receive. Another serious concern is that there could be an outbreak of infections diseases. Both of these factors could result in an even higher death toll.

Today, the U.N. and other agencies expressed additional concerns about the children affected by Nargis. Up to 40 percent of those killed in Nargis were children, they said, and many of the survivors are also children. Children who are now staying in crowded, makeshift shelters could be at an increased risk of human trafficking and sexual abuse, the agencies said. Children separated from their families are forced to live alongside adults “often in dark or unlit areas with little supervision” reports the AP.

“We are really concerned about the risk of exploitation and sexual abuse,” said UNICEF’s chief of child protection in Myanmar, Anne-Claire Dufay. She said that this is a common concern in post-emergency situations.

The lack of security in many areas of the country, among all populations, is another cause for concern with Burma’s reluctance to accept aid. Since U.N. orders don’t seem to be getting the country’s attention, many are trying to get another government to step in.

Human rights advocates have called upon China to use its significant influence in Burma to pressure the junta to immediately accept U.N. relief. Human Rights Watch says that China must do “the right thing” and pressure Burma to lift restrictions on foreign aid efforts. "The world is watching to see if China does the right thing for Burma's cyclone victims," said Brad Adams, the HRW Asia director.

Sein Win, an exiled leader of Burma’s opposition party, has made similar pleas. “The world is not telling China to do what they should do…to save people,” he said. “[T]he question is whether they are going to use [their leverage] or not.”

But China is busy worrying about political strategy. The country does not want to alienate Burma’s government, and it does not want the world to see it siding with Western aid interests. China itself doesn’t like Western agencies to independently operate within its borders, even in national disasters.

Which brings up the current situation in China. The country is now recovering from the massive earthquake that hit yesterday. The death toll is thought to exceed 12,000, with about 9,400 buried in debris, and about 26,200 injured, according to Chinese state media. It is the biggest earthquake to hit the country in 30 years.

Unlike Burma, China is well equipped in matters of emergency response. When the earthquake hit, rescue experts backed by 34,000 troops began working to get people out of the rubble.

Both natural disasters raise questions of politics getting in the way of humanitarian assistance, throughout the developing world.